The Impact of Nurse-Led Education on Improving Patient Adherence to Dialysis Treatments in Borno State Hospitals
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Background of the Study: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health concern globally, with dialysis serving as a critical intervention for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In Nigeria, the burden of CKD and its complications is rising, particularly in northern states like Borno, where healthcare infrastructure is limited and access to dialysis services is often inadequate (Ogunleye et al., 2023). Dialysis treatment requires strict adherence to schedules, medication regimens, and dietary restrictions to ensure its efficacy and prevent complications such as infections, fluid imbalance, and cardiovascular issues (Ali et al., 2023). However, patient adherence to dialysis regimens remains a challenge, especially in rural or conflict-affected regions where resources and healthcare education are lacking.
Nurses play a pivotal role in promoting patient adherence through education, counseling, and continuous support. Nurse-led educational interventions have been shown to enhance knowledge, motivation, and self-management among patients, leading to improved adherence to dialysis treatments (Okon et al., 2023). This study aims to explore the impact of nurse-led education on improving patient adherence to dialysis treatment in Borno State hospitals.
Statement of the Problem: Despite the critical nature of dialysis in managing ESRD, non-adherence to dialysis regimens is common in Borno State, contributing to poor health outcomes, including hospital readmissions, dialysis-related complications, and increased mortality rates (Junaid et al., 2023). While nurses are in a unique position to provide education and support, their potential to enhance adherence through targeted educational interventions is underexplored in this context. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led educational programs in improving patient adherence to dialysis treatment in Borno State hospitals.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led education in improving patient adherence to dialysis treatments in Borno State hospitals.
- To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of dialysis patients toward adherence to treatment before and after receiving nurse-led education.
- To explore the role of nurses in addressing challenges that affect dialysis adherence in Borno State.
Research Questions:
- How does nurse-led education impact patient adherence to dialysis treatment in Borno State hospitals?
- What is the level of knowledge and attitudes toward dialysis treatment among patients before and after nurse-led education?
- What barriers to dialysis adherence do nurses identify, and how do they address them?
Research Hypotheses:
- Nurse-led education significantly improves patient adherence to dialysis treatments in Borno State hospitals.
- Patients who receive nurse-led education demonstrate improved knowledge and attitudes toward dialysis adherence.
- Nurses’ interventions in dialysis education reduce common barriers to adherence, such as forgetfulness, lack of motivation, and misunderstanding of treatment protocols.
Scope and Limitations of the Study: This study will focus on dialysis patients in Borno State hospitals and evaluate the impact of nurse-led educational interventions on treatment adherence. Limitations include the potential for patient bias in self-reported adherence and the challenge of monitoring long-term adherence outside the hospital setting.
Definitions of Terms:
- Dialysis Adherence: The extent to which patients follow prescribed dialysis schedules, take medications as instructed, and adhere to dietary and fluid intake restrictions.
- Nurse-Led Education: Educational programs initiated by nurses to improve patient understanding, motivation, and behavior related to their treatment regimens.
- End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): The final stage of chronic kidney disease, where the kidneys are no longer able to function sufficiently to meet the body's needs.
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